Spring has sprung! Which means that community associations through North and South Carolina will begin seeing increased community traffic, amenity use (including use of playgrounds, pools, tennis and pickleball courts), and increased social events. So, is your community ready. Communities should consider the following: It is important to be ready for increased community use that the warmer weather will bring. Our North and South Carolina community association attorneys are happy to assist your community as spring rolls into the Carolinas.
Like to Use Emojis With Your Professional Contacts? Enjoy Your Lawsuit.
The use of emojis has become a daily form of communication without getting into a long telephone or text conversation. It conveys, or attempts to convey, information to an intended recipient certain actions, feelings, thoughts or intended actions of the sender towards someone or something. It can apply in private conversations or in mass communications such as social media platforms. What happens when the recipient of an emoji takes the meaning to be vastly different than the intention of the sender? The ramifications of such a miscommunication can result in costly lawsuits and thousands of dollars in attorney’s fees as … Continue reading
Reasons Realtors Need an Experienced Real Estate Attorney
Home sales almost always include purchase contracts with negotiated terms, legal jargon, and intricate procedures which are not always familiar to any particular buyer, seller, or realtor. From negotiating its terms to signing the contract which obligates the involved parties as to certain legal responsibilities, all parties involved deserve to understand the process. This understanding paves the way for a smooth transaction from the initial agreement to the final recording of the deed and funding. An experienced Law Firm Carolinas real estate attorney can assist in a variety of ways. Even though some or all of the parties might be … Continue reading
Federal Gift and Estate Tax Planning- Part 7 of 7: Advanced Planning with Charitable Trusts
Using a Charitable Remainder Interest Annuity or Unitrust (CRATs/CRUTs) and Charitable Lead Trusts (CLTs) Charitable Remainder Interest Annuity and Unitrust as well as Charitable Lead Trusts are vehicles for the charitably inclined that can provide significant income and estate tax benefits. Both charitable remainder trusts and charitable lead trusts are split interest trust where an annuity interest and a remainder interest are split among the grantor of the trust or other non-charitable beneficiaries and a qualified charity. CRATs and CRUTs Charitable Remainder Interest Annuity Trusts (CRATs) and Charitable Remainder Interest Unitrust (CRUTs) are the two types of charitable remainder trusts. … Continue reading
Federal Gift and Estate Tax Planning- Part 6 of 7: Advanced Planning with QPRTs
A Qualified Personal Residence Trust aka “QPRT” can be an effective gift and estate tax planning tool, especially in cases where an individual has a large amount of wealth of which a primary residence and secondary home make up a significant percentage. IRC Section 25.2702-5 governs the use of QPRTs. What property can be transferred to a QPRT? The IRS allows an individual to transfer no more than two residences (i.e. noncommercial property), including appurtenant structures and adjacent land for residential purposes (primary residence or secondary home) or interest therein to a QPRT. How is a QPRT structured? A QPRT … Continue reading
SC Legislative Update—Proposed Changes to H 3180 Could Impact HOAs
As recently mentioned here on March 28, 2024, the South Carolina Legislature is currently considering a bill that impacts the ability of community associations to collect assessments from non-paying members of their communities. As originally drafted, House Bill 3180 would have eliminated any HOA’s ability to foreclose its lien when someone didn’t pay their assessments. The Community Associations Institute (CAI) and its South Carolina Legislative Action Committee (SC-LAC) have worked closely with other members of the House, including Representative Weston Newton, to propose alterative solutions to the proposed bill. Through that collaboration, an amended version of the bill was proposed … Continue reading
Federal Gift and Estate Tax Planning- Part 5 of 7: Advanced Planning with IDGTs
Freezing and Reducing your Taxable Estate with Intentionally Defective Grantor Trusts (IDGTs) Likely the most effective and popular advanced planning techniques are the use of a Grantor Retained Annuity Trust (“GRAT”) or an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust (“IDGT”). The general idea of both techniques is to transfer assets expected to appreciate in an amount that exceeds the current month’s Applicable Federal Rate or Section 7520 (120% of the AFR) rate and pass the excess growth to non-charitable beneficiaries, all while using little or none of the individual’s basic exclusion. In this part, I will discuss IDGTs. An Intentionally Defective Grantor … Continue reading
Who Was Robert and Why Do his Rules Rule?
Originally appeared as Who Was Robert and Why Do his Rules Rule? from the May 23, 2023 Presbyterian Outlook. As an attorney and professional parliamentarian, I’m sometimes asked, “Who was Robert and why do his rules rule?” It’s a timely question. Henry Martyn Robert, the original author of Robert’ Rule of Order, died 100 years ago on May 11, 1923. Since that time, versions of his parliamentary manual have come to dominate meetings. While other parliamentary manuals are available, Robert’s Rules of Order is the 800-pound gorilla of the parliamentary world. It is the most popular and easiest-to-locate book on meeting procedure. Most … Continue reading
Federal Gift and Estate Tax Planning- Part 4 of 7: Advanced Planning with GRATs
Freezing and Reducing your Taxable Estate with Grantor Retained Annuity Trusts (GRATs) Likely the most effective and popular advanced planning techniques are the use of a Grantor Retained Annuity Trust (“GRAT”) or an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust (“IDGT”). The general idea of both techniques is to transfer assets expected to appreciate in an amount that exceeds the current month’s Applicable Federal Rate or Section 7520 (120% of the AFR) rate and pass the excess growth to non-charitable beneficiaries, all while using little or none of the individual’s basic exclusion. In this part, I will discuss GRATs, which are likely the … Continue reading
South Carolina Legislature Considering Two HOA Bills
Two bills, one dealing with the foreclosure process for homeowners associations and one dealing with HAM radios, have received attention from the South Carolina House of Representatives in the past weeks and are gaining momentum. On March 26, 2024, a subcommittee hearing took place at which both bills were considered. Here is some information about each: H.4549 (Amateur Radio Antenna Protection Act). This bill has had a number of Representatives add their names to the sponsorship of the bill, which is usually a sign that the bill has positive momentum. This bill may require all HOAs (which may include … Continue reading
Jim Slaughter Receives Lifetime Contribution Award for Association Work
Law Firm Carolinas’ partner Jim Slaughter received the Don Buck Lifetime Contribution Award at the recent 2024 Community Association Law Seminar in Las Vegas. The award recognizes attorneys who have demonstrated exceptional commitment to the community association industry. Jim is a past President of the national College of Community Association Lawyers as well as the North Carolina Chapter of the Community Associations Institute. He has written four books on association meeting procedure, including the recent Robert’s Rules of Order Fast Track. Here’s a recent announcement from the Community Associations Institute on the Award. Jim Slaughter presented with the Don Buck … Continue reading
Federal Gift and Estate Tax Planning- Part 3 of 7: Advanced Planning with ILITs
Creating and Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust aka ILIT The first advance planning technique I will discuss in this series of blogs and one of the simplest strategies is to have a life insurance policy held by an Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust aka an “ILIT.” While this strategy does not reduce the size of an individual’s taxable estate or estate taxes per se, it creates untaxed liquidity outside of their taxable estate to pay the taxes which may be due on the individual’s taxable estate. One question clients may have is why holding life insurance individually does not serve this same … Continue reading
Federal Gift and Estate Tax Planning- Part 2 of 7: Leveraging the Basic and Annual Exclusions
Maximizing Your Basic Exclusion The primary reason the vast majority of North Carolinians avoid estate tax is by simply using their basic gift and estate tax exclusion which is historically high. The 2024 amount is $13,610,000 per individual and $27,220,000 for a married couple who elects portability. Although some individuals may accomplish this without any planning, if an individual has a large estate, even if it is currently below the basic exclusion, there is simple planning which can leverage their basic exclusion. This leverage is due to the future growth of the gifted assets becoming removed from an individual’s taxable … Continue reading
Federal Gift and Estate Tax Planning- Part 1 of 7: The Unlimited Marital and Charitable Deductions
As discussed in prior blogs, North Carolina does not assess an estate or inheritance tax and the federal unified gift and estate tax exclusion as of 2024 is $13,610,000 per individual and $27,220,000 for a married couple who elects portability. Accordingly, the vast majority of North Carolinians do not have taxable estates. However, with the exclusion scheduled to sunset on January 1, 2026, and thereafter be greatly reduced to affect many more North Carolinians, I’d like to provide a summary of the most effective and popular strategies to reduce or eliminate gift and estate taxes. In part 1, I will … Continue reading
NC Community Association Legislative Update – February 28, 2024
House Select Committee on Homeowners’ Associations Issues Final Report Today (Wednesday, February 28) was the fourth and final meeting of the NC House Select Committee on Homeowners’ Associations. As a reminder, this Committee was created by House Bill 311 (see NC Community Association Legislative Update – May 9, 2023) and tasked with examining planned communities and condominium associations, including: The Committee was instructed to provide a final report to the General Assembly on its study, including any proposed legislation, on or before March 1, 2024, which it did through a 27-page report with eight main legislative recommendations. Law Firm Carolinas … Continue reading
When Is an HOA/Condo Rental Amendment Unreasonable?
When it comes to declaration amendments, our firm is most often asked about restrictions on rentals, whether complete or percentage bans, restrictions on short-term rentals, or limiting corporate rentals. (See HOA/Condo Rental Restrictions, Corporate Owners & Institutional Investors and Short-Term Rentals in North Carolina and South Carolina HOAs and Condominiums) In a decision issued this week (February 21, 2024), the North Carolina Court of Appeals struck down a condominium rental amendment as unreasonable. While not really creating any new law, associations considering a declaration amendment, particularly as to rental restrictions, should be aware of the case. Mileview LLC et al … Continue reading
The Developer is Offering the Association (a lot of) Money to Sign a Release- Should the Board of Directors Consider Signing it?
Over the last year our firm has seen an uptick in offers to associations from the developer to pay money in exchange for signing a release. The language of releases can vary but the purpose is almost always the same – The money being offered to the association is in exchange for releasing the developer and any other named parties from any and all claims, known or unknown, that the association may have. These claims being released will almost certainly include claims for construction defects for the association’s amenities but can also include a release for claims related to the … Continue reading
Why the Chair Never Asks “Is There Any Old Business?” (HINT: Because There’s No Such Thing)
At some point in some board meeting, you’re like to hear a presiding officer ask, “Is there any Old Business?” and wait for a reply. It’s intended as an opportunity for members to raise issue that were addressed at an earlier meeting. The problem with this question is twofold: THERE’S NO SUCH THING AS “OLD BUSINESS“ Whether your parliamentary authority is Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised (12th Edition) or some other parliamentary manual, there’s no category of business named “Old Business.” The proper term for business that carries over from the prior meeting is “Unfinished Business.” The difference is … Continue reading
Five Factors a Court Will Likely Consider to Determine Validity and Enforceability of Amendments Recorded by Developers
The 2006 Court of Appeals case of Queens Grant II Horizontal Property Regime vs. Greenwood Development Corporation (368 S.C. 342) provides guidance for validity of amendments to the Declaration/Master Deed (Declaration) recorded by Developers/Declarants (Developer). In this case the homeowner’s association sued the Developer over the validity of an amendment it recorded to the Declaration that increased assessments. The Court upheld the amendment (except for a few units that had a special arrangement that are not relevant to this blog). The Court used the following general analysis to determine the validity of this amendment recorded by the Declarant: Please contact … Continue reading
Divorce for Seniors
Recent studies have revealed that divorce is no longer for the young. Couples that are over the age of 50, even over 60 and beyond, are now divorcing at an ever-increasing rate. Issues that arise in a separation and divorce for those that have been married for over 30 sometimes 40 years are often times different than the issues for people that have been married for less than 20 years. Depending on the stage of the marriage, at Law Firm Carolinas our board-certified family law attorneys, Carole R. Albright and T. Keith Black, and our associate attorneys, John Boschini and … Continue reading